en Materials Science and Nanomedicine Original/Research Article Introduction: Chemotherapeutic drugs such as doxorubicin (DOX) due to their extensive<br> distribution in both healthy and cancerous cells, lead to severe side effects. One of the<br> most effective ways to overcome this problem is targeting delivery. Particular characteristics<br> of chitosan such as cationic nature make its nanoparticles one of the best options for<br> using as targeting drug carriers. Since nearly 75% of breast cancer cells express the estrogen<br> receptor (ER), blocking the ER function (using ER antagonists such as Raloxifene) seems<br> to be effective on reducing the risk of progress in breast cancer. In this study, a novel double<br> effect nanoparticle based on raloxifene-chitosan conjugate was prepared for adjuvant<br> therapy and drug targeting to breast cancer cells via ER receptor.<br> Materials and Methods: CS-RAL NPs containing DOX hydrochloride were prepared by<br> ionotropic gelation method and characterized by Nanozetasizer and TEM. The effect of<br> nanoparticles on cell viability was evaluated using XTT assay. Moreover, inhibition tests<br> were performed by means of Estradiol as the main ligand of estrogen receptor.<br> Results: CS-RAL NPs containing DOX hydrochloride have sizes between 25-35 nm and<br> desired zeta potentials. XTT assay on MCF-7 cell line illustrated that nanoparticles containing<br> doxorubicin could inhibit the cellular growth up to 60%. Results from inhibition<br> tests showed that in the presence of Estradiol the cell toxicity of prepared nanoparticles<br> decrease significantly.<br> Conclusions: This study introduced Raloxifene-Chitosan nanoparticles as a novel targeting<br> agent for adjuvant therapy of breast cancer. Chitosan Raloxifene Nanoparticles Targeting Vehicle Breast Cancer Cells 0 0 http://mcijournal.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-33-49&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Fatemeh Yazdi Samadi 1003194753284600755 1003194753284600755 No Zohreh Mohammadi 1003194753284600756 1003194753284600756 Yes