en Materials Science and Nanomedicine Original/Research Article <p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Vitamin D fulfills its crucial role in cell proliferation and death through signal transduction into the nucleus by vitamin D receptor (VDR). Recent studies have depicted the association between VDR gene polymorphisms and different cancers, including breast cancer. This study attempted to consider the relationship between VDR gene polymorphisms and breast cancer risk among women in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.<br> <strong>Methods:</strong> FokI and BsmI polymorphisms were studied through the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique on blood samples taken from 95 cancer and 71 healthy participants from Urmia City. The association between the mentioned polymorphisms and breast cancer risk was considered using calculated odds ratio (OR).<br> <strong>Results:</strong> The findings showed the protective effect of the FokI polymorphism in breast cancer development (OR = 0.2731), while no statistically significant correlation was observed between breast cancer and BsmI polymorphism (P > 0.05).<br> <strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study identified the protective effect of the FokI polymorphism in breast cancer, and the absence of statistically significant association between BsmI polymorphism and breast cancer.</p> Breast Cancer, Calcitriol Receptors, Polymorphism, RFLP. 21 25 http://mcijournal.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-69-4&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Sasan Talaneh 10031947532846001185 10031947532846001185 No Department of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Ahar Branch, Ahar, Iran Abolfazl Ghorbani 10031947532846001186 10031947532846001186 Yes Department of Animal Science, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar Branch, Shabestar, Iran Tayebe Oghabi Bakhshaiesh 10031947532846001187 10031947532846001187 No Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Behbuod Jafari 10031947532846001188 10031947532846001188 No Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Ahar Branch, Ahar, Iran