REVIEW_ARTICLE Diagnostic Utility of miRNAs in Cancer Cancer is the one of most prevalent and leading causes of death in the world. Current ad­vancements in technology improve the understanding of the pathogenesis and pathology of cancers. But, due to enlarging mortality rates, poor prognosis, and lacunae in clinical early predictive biomarkers provide an important momentum to investigate novel early diagnos­tic/prognostic markers and specific targets for cancers therapeutics sufficiently sensitive to cancers. Recently, the emerging small noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) are suggested as important and critical regulators in the oncogenesis pathways and serve as precise and useful early clinical biomarkers. This new class of biomarkers is emerging as a novel molecule for cancer diagnosis and prognosis and recent miRNA expression studies in tumors yield prom­ising results. However, establishing miRNA expression in the blood circulation, cell-free as noninvasive marker, has advantages over determination of tumor in primary tissue. A better understanding of the involvement of this class of molecular markers in carcinogenesis could provide new insights into the mechanisms in the development of tumor and could be helpful to identify new specific novel early powerful markers for the early detection of cancer. The current review study aimed at summarizing the recent research studies supporting the utility of miRNAs as novel early diagnostic and prognostic tools, thus potentially illuminating fu­ture treatment strategies for cancers, which indicates the feasibility and clinical applications and the importance of miRNAs in cancer for researchers and clinical diagnostic centers.   http://mcijournal.com/article-1-197-en.pdf 2018-08-07 5 15 10.30699/acadpub.mci.2.3.12 MicroRNAs Biomarkers Diagnosis Prognosis Showkat Ahmad Bhat showkatbht@gmail.com 1 Govt. Medical College Srinagar, Karan Nagar Srinagar AUTHOR https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2244-1176 Sabhiya Majid zululubaba@gmail.com 2 Govt. Medical College Srinagar, Karan Nagar Srinagar AUTHOR https://orcid.org/0000-0001-2221-2332 Muneeb U Rehman muneebjh@gmail.com 3 Govt. Medical College Srinagar, Karan Nagar Srinagar AUTHOR https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9995-6576
OTHERS_CITABLE Study of Association Between TLR4 D299G and T399I Polymorphisms and Risk of Gastric Cancer Introduction:Gastrointestinal cancers constitute more than one-third of the most common cancers and half of the fatal cancers worldwide. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are identified as pivotal receptors in innate immunity responses. TLR4 is the main receptor that plays a role in lipopolysaccharide  (LPS)  sensing  of  gram-positive  bacteria.  D299G  (rs4986790)  and  T399I (rs4986791) polymorphisms in TLR4 lead to a decrease in immune response against LPS. The current study aimed at investigating the relationship between D299G and T399I polymorphisms and susceptibility to gastritis and gastric precancerous lesions in patients referred to Imam Reza Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Methods:The current case-control study was conducted on 201 individuals consisting of 90 patients with gastric cancer (GC) and 111 healthy controls. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used to determine the mentioned polymorphisms. Results:Allelic frequencies and genetic distribution of polymorphisms were analyzed in the patient and control groups. Although 399C and 299A allele frequencies were higher in the patients`  group,  the  difference  was  not  statistically  significant  (P  >  0.05). Conclusions: No  significant  association  was  observed  between  TLR4  polymorphisms  on positions 299 and 399, and susceptibility to GC. Also no significant correlation was observed between these two polymorphisms and precancerous lesions. The current study results showed that the studied polymorphisms cannot be used as a prognostic marker of GC in Iranian population. http://mcijournal.com/article-1-191-en.pdf 2018-08-20 16 22 10.30699/acadpub.mci.2.3.25 Stomach Neoplasms TLR4 Polymorphism Single Nucleotide Hasan Hatami dr_hatami@yahoo.com 1 AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA- CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR Hamed Naghoosi h.naghoosi@gmail.com 2 AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA- CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR Mahyar Nourian mahyarnourian1369@gmail.com 3 AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA- CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR Mostafa Iranpour m.iranpour@sbmu.ac.ir 4 AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA- CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR Sandra Saidi saidisandra699@gmail.com 5 AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA- CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR Mahmoud Reza Hashemi hashemim891@yahoo.com 6 AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA- CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR Shahrokh Iravani iravani.shahrokh@yahoo.com 7 AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA- CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR
OTHERS_CITABLE The Comparison of Three Components of Breast Cancer in Females With Cancer and Healthy Ones: Coping Styles, Psychological Capital, and Patience Introduction: The growing trend of cancer incidence in the past few decades and its effects on physical, psychological, spiritual, and social dimensions both in patients and their families make cancer one of the major health hazards of the century. Of all cancers, breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent among females. Thus, the current study aimed at comparing three components of BC between females with breast cancer and healthy ones: coping styles, psychological capital, and patience. Methods: Totally, 100 females with BC and 100 healthy ones were selected from the available sample based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were compared in accordance with coping styles, psychological capital, and patience by multivariable analysis and independent t-test. Results: The results revealed that there were significant differences between females with BC and healthy ones in emotion-based coping strategy (F (1198) =5.20, P < 0.05), self-efficacy subscale (F (1193) = 5.58, P < 0.01), hopefulness (F (1193) = 4.50, P < 0.05), and patience (t = 1.99, df = 198, P < 0.05). Subjects with BC, compared to the healthy ones, use the emotion-based coping strategy more often and are more patient. Healthy females had a greater share of self-efficacy and hopefulness. Conclusions: An appropriate coping style, taking advantage of patience as a religious coping style, and a high degree of psychological capital can aid patients make better recoveries. These components have major roles in cancer control. http://mcijournal.com/article-1-207-en.pdf 2018-08-19 23 29 10.30699/acadpub.mci.2.3.32 Breast Neoplasms Coping Behavior Psychological Capital Patience Female Hosna Akbari hsn.22.psy@gmail.com 1 Cancer Research Center (CRC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari 2 Cancer Research Center (CRC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR
CASE_STUDY Study of Multiple Myeloma Occurrence in Patients With 5%-10% Bone Marrow Plasma Cells: A Case Series Regarding Revised IMWG Diagnostic Criteria Introduction: Utilizing lower limit of bone marrow plasma cells (BMPCs) is the main existing criterion for diagnosis of multiple myeloma (MM). According to the revised international myeloma working group (IMWG) diagnostic criteria, the value of 10% is agreed among experts as the cutoff level for diagnosis. Symptomatic patients with BMPC above this value are identified as definite cases of MM. However, there are MM patients who have BMPC of less than 10%. Considering abovementioned cutoff could delay the diagnosis which in turn results in adverse effects in patients’ clinical course. Case presentation: This study represented data of consecutive patients with 5% to 10% BMPC at our center from 2004 to 2013. MM existed among patients, as expected. This series provides a quantitative approximation of MM prevalence in these cases. Conclusion: The reported patients’ status demonstrates the limitations of the abovementioned cutoff criterion in myeloma diagnosis, and emphasizes the importance of employing further diagnostic procedures in patients with marginal amounts of BMPC and high clinical suspicion. It has been shown that supplementary examination is especially required for two subgroups of patients with certain clinical and laboratory characteristics. The detail of the cases and results are thoroughly explained in the paper.  http://mcijournal.com/article-1-196-en.pdf 2018-08-07 30 35 10.30699/acadpub.mci.2.3.1 Diagnosis Multiple Myeloma Plasma Cells Hasan Jalaeikhoo jalaeikhoo@gmail.com 1 AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA- CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR Mohammad Zokaasadi zokaasadi2@gmail.com 2 AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA- CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR Mohsen Rajaeinejad mrajaei@gmail.com 3 AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA- CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR Manoutchehr Keyhani mkeyhani@hotmail.com 4 Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Address: Keshavarz Blvd., Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Vali-Asr hospital, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR Morteza Sharifzadeh morteza.sharifzade@gmail.com 5 AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA- CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR